This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_computer_animation


00:01:01 1 The earliest pioneers: 1940s to mid-1960s
00:01:13 1.1 John Whitney
00:02:36 1.2 The first digital image
00:04:06 1.3 Boeing-Wichita
00:04:53 1.4 Bell Labs
00:06:41 1.5 Ivan Sutherland
00:07:18 2 Mid-1960s to mid-1970s
00:07:30 2.1 The University of Utah
00:08:29 2.2 Evans & Sutherland
00:09:14 2.3 First computer animated character, Nikolai Konstantinov
00:09:53 2.4 Ohio State
00:10:34 2.5 Cybernetic Serendipity
00:11:37 2.6 Scanimate
00:12:15 2.7 National Film Board of Canada
00:13:17 2.8 Atlas Computer Laboratory & Antics
00:14:56 2.9 First digital animation in a feature film
00:15:53 2.10 SIGGRAPH
00:16:36 3 Towards 3D: mid-1970s into the 1980s
00:16:48 3.1 Early 3D animation in the cinema
00:18:19 3.2 Nelson Max
00:19:07 3.3 NYIT
00:19:27 3.4 Framebuffer
00:19:36 3.5 Fractals
00:21:19 3.6 JPL and Jim Blinn
00:21:28 3.7 Motion control photography
00:24:42 3.8 3D computer graphics software
00:24:51 4 The 1980s
00:25:44 4.1 Silicon Graphics, Inc (SGI)
00:27:27 4.2 Quantel
00:28:40 4.3 Osaka University
00:29:09 4.4 3D Fictional Animated Films at the University of Montreal
00:29:33 4.5 Sun Microsystems, Inc
00:30:55 4.6 National Film Board of Canada
00:32:38 4.7 First turnkey broadcast animation system
00:34:01 4.8 First solid 3D CGI in the movies
00:35:43 4.9 Inbetweening and morphing
00:36:54 4.10 3D inbetweening
00:37:32 4.11 The Abyss
00:38:38 4.12 Walt Disney & CAPS
00:40:34 5 3D animation software in the 1980s
00:43:26 6 CGI in the 1990s
00:44:27 6.1 Computer animation expands in film and TV
00:45:15 6.2 Flocking
00:46:30 6.3 Motion capture
00:49:53 6.4 Match moving
00:50:03 6.5 Virtual studio
00:51:52 6.6 Machinima
00:54:56 7 3D animation software in the 1990s
00:57:24 8 CGI in the 2000s
01:00:04 8.1 2000 breakthrough capture of the reflectance field over the human face
01:01:45 8.2 Motion capture, photorealism, and uncanny valley
01:02:40 8.3 Virtual cinematography
01:07:48 9 3D animation software in the 2000s
01:07:58 10 CGI in the 2010s
01:08:26 11 Further developments
01:10:03 12 References
01:11:01 3D animation software in the 2000s
01:11:44 CGI in the 2010s
01:12:27 Further developments



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SUMMARY
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The history of computer animation began as early as the 1940s and 1950s, when people began to experiment with computer graphics - most notably by John Whitney. It was only by the early 1960s when digital computers had become widely established, that new avenues for innovative computer graphics blossomed. Initially, uses were mainly for scientific, engineering and other research purposes, but artistic experimentation began to make its appearance by the mid-1960s. By the mid-1970s, many such efforts were beginning to enter into public media. Much computer graphics at this time involved 2-dimensional imagery, though increasingly, as computer power improved, efforts to achieve 3-dimensional realism became the emphasis. By the late 1980s, photo-realistic 3D was beginning to appear in film movies, and by mid-1990s had developed to the point where 3D animation could be used for entire feature film production.