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Latin spelling and pronunciation | Wikipedia audio article

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Latin spelling and pronunciation


00:01:07 1 Letterforms
00:01:51 2 Letters and phonemes
00:02:57 2.1 Consonants
00:03:19 2.1.1 Notes on phonetics
00:11:17 2.1.2 Notes on spelling
00:16:00 2.2 Vowels
00:16:09 2.2.1 Monophthongs
00:16:48 2.2.1.1 Long and short vowels
00:18:05 2.2.1.2 Adoption of Greek upsilon
00:18:35 2.2.1.3 Sonus medius
00:19:12 2.2.1.4 Vowel nasalization
00:20:55 2.2.2 Diphthongs
00:22:06 2.3 Vowel and consonant length
00:24:06 2.4 Table of orthography
00:24:15 3 Syllables and stress
00:24:25 3.1 Old Latin stress
00:25:37 3.2 Classical Latin syllables and stress
00:26:24 3.2.1 Syllable
00:26:53 3.2.1.1 Nucleus
00:27:23 3.2.1.2 Onset and coda
00:29:22 3.2.1.3 Heavy and light syllables
00:30:37 3.2.2 Stress rule
00:31:10 3.2.3 Iambic shortening
00:31:36 4 Elision
00:32:02 5 Latin spelling and pronunciation today
00:32:58 5.1 Spelling
00:33:08 5.2 Pronunciation
00:35:10 5.2.1 Post-Medieval Latin
00:35:19 5.2.2 Loan words and formal study
00:35:44 5.2.3 Ecclesiastical pronunciation
00:37:30 6 Pronunciation shared by Vulgar Latin and Romance languages
00:41:24 7 Examples
00:43:36 7.1 From Classical Latin
00:43:52 7.2 From Medieval Latin
00:46:47 8 See also
00:48:03 9 Notes



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SUMMARY
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Latin spelling, or Latin orthography, is the spelling of Latin words written in the scripts of all historical phases of Latin from Old Latin to the present. All scripts use the same alphabet, but conventional spellings may vary from phase to phase. The Roman alphabet, or Latin alphabet, was adapted from the Old Italic script to represent the phonemes of the Latin language. The Old Italic script had in turn been borrowed from the Greek alphabet, itself adapted from the Phoenician alphabet.
The Latin alphabet most resembles the Greek alphabet around 540 BC, as it appears on the black-figure pottery of the time.
Latin pronunciation continually evolved over the centuries, making it difficult for speakers in one era to know how Latin was spoken in prior eras. A given phoneme may be represented by different letters in different periods. This article deals primarily with modern scholarship's best reconstruction of Classical Latin's phonemes (phonology) and the pronunciation and spelling used by educated people in the late Republic. This article then touches upon later changes and other variants.

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