General science | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Science 00:02:25 1 History 00:03:52 1.1 Early cultures 00:05:01 1.2 Classical antiquity 00:10:22 1.3 Medieval science 00:15:49 1.4 Renaissance and early modern science 00:19:59 1.5 Age of Enlightenment 00:23:09 1.6 19th century 00:25:39 1.7 20th century 00:27:55 1.8 21st century 00:28:48 2 Branches of science 00:29:33 2.1 Natural science 00:30:53 2.2 Social science 00:32:14 2.3 Formal science 00:33:25 3 Scientific research 00:34:41 3.1 Scientific method 00:37:41 3.1.1 Role of mathematics 00:38:41 3.1.2 Verifiability 00:39:12 3.2 Philosophy of science 00:45:04 3.2.1 Certainty and science 00:48:12 3.2.2 Fringe science, pseudoscience, and junk science 00:49:33 3.3 Scientific literature 00:51:34 3.4 Practical impacts 00:51:48 4 Scientific community 00:52:06 4.1 Scientists 00:53:18 4.1.1 Women in science 00:55:46 4.2 Learned societies 00:57:45 5 Science and the public 00:57:54 5.1 Science policy 01:00:13 5.1.1 Funding of science 01:01:56 5.2 Public awareness of science 01:02:37 5.3 Science journalism 01:03:17 5.4 Politicization of science 01:04:25 6 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.9797858629564327 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-A "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Science (from the Latin word scientia, meaning "knowledge") is a systematic enterprise that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable explanations and predictions about the universe.The earliest roots of science can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia in around 3500 to 3000 BCE. Their contributions to mathematics, astronomy, and medicine entered and shaped Greek natural philosophy of classical antiquity, whereby formal attempts were made to explain events of the physical world based on natural causes. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire, knowledge of Greek conceptions of the world deteriorated in Western Europe during the early centuries (400 to 1000 CE) of the Middle Ages but was preserved in the Muslim world during the Islamic Golden Age. The recovery and assimilation of Greek works and Islamic inquiries into Western Europe from the 10th to 13th century revived natural philosophy, which was later transformed by the Scientific Revolution that began in the 16th century as new ideas and discoveries departed from previous Greek conceptions and traditions. The scientific method soon played a greater role in knowledge creation and it was not until the 19th century that many of the institutional and professional features of science began to take shape.Modern science is typically divided into three major branches that consist of the natural sciences (e.g., biology, chemistry, and physics), which study nature in the broadest sense; the social sciences (e.g., economics, psychology, and sociology), which study individuals and societies; and the formal sciences (e.g., logic, mathematics, and theoretical computer science), which study abstract concepts. There is disagreement, however, on whether the formal sciences actually constitute a science as they do not rely on empirical evidence. Disciplines that utilize existing scientific knowledge for practical purposes, such as engineering and medicine, are described as applied sciences.Science is based on research, which is commonly conducted in academic and research institutions as well as in government agencies and companies. The practical impact of scientific research has led to the emergence of science policies that seek to influence the scientific enterprise by prioritizing the development of commercial products, armaments, health care, and environmental protection. |