The Peninsula section of the San Andreas Fault is a significant hazard for the San Francisco Bay area, but little is known about the timing of earthquakes on this section of the fault prior to the great earthquake of April 18, 1906. An earthquake in 1838 resulted in strong shaking on the San Francisco Peninsula. Estimates of the magnitude of the 1838 earthquake vary from 6.8 to 7.4, based on historical accounts, and most workers have assumed that this event occurred on the San Andreas Fault. However, paleoseismic excavations across the fault near San Andreas Lake failed to provide evidence that the 1838 earthquake was associated with surface rupture on the Peninsula section of the San Andreas Fault (Prentice et al., 2008, 2009). Earlier work at the Filoli Estate, south of Crystal Springs Reservoirs, by Hall et al. (1999) suggested that both the 1838 and 1906 earthquakes ruptured the Peninsula section, based on the projected offsets of buried stream channels that crossed the fault. While this interpretation is permissible, the data also allow alternative interpretations that do not require surface rupture in 1838. We used LiDAR images produced from data collected by the GeoEarthScope project to search for promising paleoseismic sites along the Peninsula section of the San Andreas Fault. At a site about 1.2 km southeast of Crystal Springs Reservoir, we excavated two trenches across the fault and exposed fluvial gravel and overbank deposits cut by two distinct generations of faults. The younger set of faults break nearly to the ground surface, and we interpret these to represent 1906 surface faulting that has been buried post-1906 sediments. The older faults terminate below a colluvial wedge derived from one of the fluvial gravel deposits. The scarp-derived colluvium overlies a faulted fine-grained overbank deposit that in turn rests on the channel gravel, and represents the ground surface at the time of the older earthquake. The scarp-derived colluvium is overlain by a fine-grained overbank deposit. Both the pre-earthquake and post-earthquake fine-grained deposits contain charcoal that will provide maximum and minimum ages for the older earthquake. In addition, pollen analysis may provide further age constraints on historic deposits.



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