Latin America | Wikipedia audio article |
|
This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Latin America 00:01:57 1 Etymology and definitions 00:02:07 1.1 Origins 00:07:03 1.2 Contemporary definitions 00:10:05 1.3 Subregions and countries 00:10:49 2 History 00:10:57 2.1 Pre-Columbian history 00:12:35 2.2 European colonization 00:14:33 2.2.1 Slavery and forced labor in colonial Latin America 00:17:40 2.3 Independence (1804–25) 00:19:58 2.3.1 Independent Empire of Brazil 00:22:19 2.4 Conservative-liberal conflicts in the 19th century 00:26:01 2.5 British influence in Latin America during the 19th century 00:28:03 2.6 French involvement in Latin America during the 19th century 00:31:25 2.7 American involvement in Latin America during the 19th century 00:31:37 2.7.1 Monroe Doctrine 00:33:24 2.7.2 Mexican–American War (1846–48) 00:35:05 2.8 World wars (1914–45) 00:35:16 2.8.1 World War I and the Zimmermann Telegram 00:36:59 2.8.2 Brazil's participation in World War II 00:40:19 2.8.3 Involvement in World War II 00:40:51 2.9 Cold War (1945–92) 00:41:02 2.9.1 Economy 00:42:27 2.9.2 Reforms 00:43:10 2.9.3 Bureaucratic authoritarianism 00:43:46 2.9.4 US relations 00:45:29 2.9.5 Cuban Revolution 00:46:38 2.9.6 Bay of Pigs Invasion 00:47:12 2.9.7 Alliance for Progress 00:47:47 2.9.8 Nicaraguan Revolution 00:49:34 2.10 Washington Consensus 00:51:23 2.11 Turn to the left 00:52:44 2.12 Return of social movements 00:55:58 2.13 Modern era 00:57:03 3 Demographics 00:57:12 3.1 Largest cities 00:57:27 3.2 Ethnic groups 01:04:19 3.3 Language 01:09:24 3.4 Religion 01:10:04 3.5 Migration 01:12:32 3.6 Education 01:14:46 3.7 Crime and violence 01:17:05 4 Economy 01:17:14 4.1 Size 01:17:38 4.2 Development 01:18:25 4.3 Standard of living 01:19:12 4.4 Environment 01:19:20 5 Inequality 01:20:25 6 Trade blocs 01:21:35 7 Tourism 01:23:39 8 Culture 01:27:56 8.1 Art 01:30:00 8.2 Film 01:33:33 8.3 Literature 01:37:47 8.4 Music and dance 01:42:38 8.5 World Heritage Sites 01:42:54 9 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Latin America is a group of countries and dependencies in the Western Hemisphere where Romance languages such as Spanish, French and Portuguese are predominantly spoken; it is broader than the terms Ibero-America or Hispanic America. The term "Latin America" was first used in an 1856 conference with the title "Initiative of the America. Idea for a Federal Congress of Republics" (Iniciativa de la América. Idea de un Congreso Federal de las Repúblicas), by the Chilean politician Francisco Bilbao. The term was used by Napoleon III's French government in the 1860s as Amérique latine to consider French-speaking territories in the Americas, (French Canadians, French Louisiana, French Guiana, Haiti, Guadeloupe, Martinique, Saint Martin, Saint Barthélemy) along with the larger group of countries where Spanish and Portuguese languages prevailed, including the Spanish-speaking portions of the United States (Southwestern United States and Florida) Today, areas of Canada and the United States (with the exception of Puerto Rico) where Spanish, Portuguese and French are predominant are typically not included in definitions of Latin America. Latin America consists of 13 dependencies and 20 countries which cover an area that stretches from the northern border of Mexico to the southern tip of South America, including the Caribbean. It has an area of approximately 19,197,000 km2 (7,412,000 sq mi), almost 13% of the Earth's land surface area. As of 2016, its population was estimated at more than 639 million and in 2014, Latin America had a combined nominal GDP of US$5,573,397 million and a GDP PPP of 7,531,585 million USD. |