Abd al-Malik, during his lifetime, consolidated Umayyad rule over the Islamic Empire. At the time of his death in 705 CE, he had left behind a monarchy, powerful enough to challenge any force on the planet and on the brink of expanding into Europe.

In this episode, I discuss the Ummayad Caliphs after Abd al-Malik including Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and the conquests that happened around this time like the Conquest of Sindh and the Conquest of Spain. I also discuss the early causes of the rebellions against the Caliphate that eventually led to the Abbasid Revolution.

Additional Facts:

1) Abd al-Malik is considered one of the greatest Caliphs due to his contributions to the empire. He modernized it by installing a postal service and minting currency. He also constructed the Dome of the Rock in Jerusalem.

2) Muhammad ibn Qasim’s legacy is very prominent in Modern-day Pakistan now. Port Qasim in Karachi is named after him. In this photo, the ruins an old mosque built in his name can be seen in Sukhur, Sindh.

3) Anas ibn Malik was a volunteer servant to Muhammad, not a slave. Muhammad did hold slaves but none after the first revelation. He did, however, have concubines and even had a son with one. The son passed away at a young age.

4) Anas was very close to Muhammad and is witness to many Hadiths. According to tradition, Muhammad blessed Anas for his service. As a “result”, he went on to live a little over a century and had around 80 children.

5) It’s said that when Umar was a prince he used to wear a robe worth 1200 Riyals alone which would rub across the ground as he would walk. When he became Caliph, his entire outfit, during his inaugural address, cost 3 Riyals.

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Disclaimer: The maps and flags in the video are not 100% accurate. Some maps and flags are difficult to find and so, are estimations.

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