East Asian country is China which is the largest. Its population is the biggest in the world. It holds almost the entire East Asian landmass. And its area is approximately one-fourteenth of the whole land area on Earth. Among the major countries of the world, China is surpassed in area by only Russia and Canada, and it is almost as large as the whole of Europe.

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Beijing is the capital. It is the centre for culture, economy and communications. The other city Shanghai is the main industrial city. Hong Kong is the leading commercial centre and port.

China has the greatest contrast in temperature between its northern and southern borders of any country in the world. It is home to some of the world’s most exotic animals. Vast areas of China are either uninhabited or sparsely populated.

China stretches for about 5,250 km from east to west and 5,500 km from north to south. The country is bounded by Mongolia to the north; Russia and North Korea to the northeast; the Yellow Sea and the East China Sea to the east; the South China Sea to the southeast; Vietnam, Laos, Myanmar, India, Bhutan, and Nepal to the south; Pakistan to the southwest; and Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Kazakhstan to the west. China also faces South Korea and Japan, across the Yellow Sea, and the Philippines, which lie beyond the South China Sea.

China is prone to intense seismic activity throughout much of the country. Throughout its history China has experienced hundreds of massive earthquakes killing millions of people. Two of the largest caused some 250,000 deaths each.

China's constitution states that The People's Republic of China "is a socialist state under the people's democratic dictatorship led by the working class and based on the alliance of workers and peasants."

The Chinese government has been variously described as communist and socialist, but also as authoritarian and corporatist with heavy restrictions in many areas, most notably against free access to the Internet, freedom of the press, freedom of assembly, the right to have children, free formation of social organizations and freedom of religion. Its current political, ideological and economic system has been termed by its leaders as the "people's democratic dictatorship", "socialism with Chinese characteristics" (which is Marxism adapted to Chinese circumstances) and the "socialist market economy" respectively.

China's constitution declares that the country is ruled "under the leadership" of the Communist Party of China (CPC). As China is a de facto one-party state, the General Secretary (party leader) holds ultimate power and authority over state and government serving as the paramount leader. The electoral system is pyramidal. Local People's Congresses are directly elected, and higher levels of People's Congresses up to the National People's Congress are indirectly elected by the People's Congress. The political system is decentralized, and provincial and sub-provincial leaders have a significant amount of autonomy.

The President is the titular head of state, elected by the National People's Congress. The Premier is the head of government, presiding over the State Council composed of four vice premiers and the heads of ministries and commissions. The incumbent president is Xi Jinping, who is also the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and the Chairman of the Central Military Commission, making him China's paramount leader. The incumbent premier is Li Keqiang, who is also a senior member of the CPC Politburo Standing Committee, China's de facto top decision-making body.

Political concerns in China include the growing gap between rich and poor and government corruption. Nonetheless, the level of public support for the government and its management of the nation is high, with 80–95% of Chinese citizens expressing satisfaction with the central government, according to a 2011 survey.

[Source: Wikipedia

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