Genetics | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetics 00:02:10 1 Etymology 00:02:33 2 History 00:05:01 2.1 Mendelian and classical genetics 00:07:27 2.2 Molecular genetics 00:11:43 3 Features of inheritance 00:11:53 3.1 Discrete inheritance and Mendel's laws 00:14:04 3.2 Notation and diagrams 00:15:14 3.3 Multiple gene interactions 00:17:49 4 Molecular basis for inheritance 00:17:59 4.1 DNA and chromosomes 00:21:37 4.2 Reproduction 00:23:50 4.3 Recombination and genetic linkage 00:25:57 5 Gene expression 00:26:06 5.1 Genetic code 00:30:06 5.2 Nature and nurture 00:33:15 5.3 Gene regulation 00:36:22 6 Genetic change 00:36:31 6.1 Mutations 00:38:29 6.2 Natural selection and evolution 00:41:01 6.3 Model organisms 00:42:22 6.4 Medicine 00:46:07 6.5 Research methods 00:48:02 6.6 DNA sequencing and genomics 00:50:21 7 Society and culture Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.8286291647078904 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-E "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Genetics is a branch of biology concerned with the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in organisms.Gregor Mendel, a scientist and Augustinian friar, discovered genetics in the late 19th-century. Mendel studied "trait inheritance", patterns in the way traits are handed down from parents to offspring. He observed that organisms (pea plants) inherit traits by way of discrete "units of inheritance". This term, still used today, is a somewhat ambiguous definition of what is referred to as a gene. Trait inheritance and molecular inheritance mechanisms of genes are still primary principles of genetics in the 21st century, but modern genetics has expanded beyond inheritance to studying the function and behavior of genes. Gene structure and function, variation, and distribution are studied within the context of the cell, the organism (e.g. dominance), and within the context of a population. Genetics has given rise to a number of subfields, including epigenetics and population genetics. Organisms studied within the broad field span the domains of life (archaea, bacteria, and eukarya). Genetic processes work in combination with an organism's environment and experiences to influence development and behavior, often referred to as nature versus nurture. The intracellular or extracellular environment of a cell or organism may switch gene transcription on or off. A classic example is two seeds of genetically identical corn, one placed in a temperate climate and one in an arid climate. While the average height of the two corn stalks may be genetically determined to be equal, the one in the arid climate only grows to half the height of the one in the temperate climate due to lack of water and nutrients in its environment. |