00:00:00 Introduction
00:00:21 The human intestinal microbiota is a neglected organ…
00:00:43 Chronic diseases potentially impacted by the gut microbiome
00:01:03 Chronic diseases increase steadily in industrialized countries
00:01:38 Prevention of chronic diseases could impact public health greatly
00:02:19 How to assess the state of the neglected organ in each & every individual?
00:02:58 Quantitative metagenomics
00:05:03 An integrated 9.9 M genes reference catalog
00:06:28 Improving microbiome description
00:06:35 Infant gut microbial catalog containing 13 M genes
00:07:29 Towards a common gut gene catalog
00:07:48 Other human sites - Animal models
00:09:03 Gene catalog clustered in MetaGenomic Units by co-abundance binning
00:10:37 Microbiome assessment
00:10:48 Diagnostics
00:10:51 Diagnostics of liver cirrhosis by gut metagenomic species
00:11:54 Patient monitoring
00:12:29 Microbiome informs on the state of disease
00:13:53 Massive microbiome changes in cirrhosis
00:15:06 Current concepts in the assessment and treatment of Hepatic Encephalopathy
00:16:11 Advent of less healthy/toxic microbiome may be triggered by many factors
00:17:03 Risk detection / prediction
00:17:10 "Prediction is very difficult, especially if it's about the future." -- Nils Bohr
00:17:19 High and low gene count people
00:17:51 Low bacterial richness – a risk phenotype?
00:18:08 Microbiome-poor obese Danes gain more weight
00:18:26 Similar microbial and metabolic/inflammatory profiles in French [n=49] and Danes [n=292]
00:18:44 Gut gene richness in health & disease, n=1400
00:19:40 Microbe-poor gut microbiome is less healthy
00:19:55 Microbiome richness is associated with health and well-being
00:20:35 Microbiome and insulin resistance
00:21:23 A few species drive the association
00:22:26 Effect of drugs – the case of type 2 diabetes
00:22:30 The drug profile in Danish patients with type 2 diabetes
00:23:11 Take home message
00:23:20 Is microbiome alteration a cause, a consequence or a contribution to a chronic disease?
00:23:39 Contribution of the microbiome to the disease – two examples
00:23:49 Microbiome restoration
00:24:34 Impact of human microbiome research on public health
00:25:01 How to introduce microbiome into public health?
00:25:21 Landmark human microbiome papers
00:25:35 Beyond discovery : impact on the society – engaging industry
00:25:52 Acknowledgments
00:26:11 Questions - Réponses


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