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⏱ Timestamps
00:00 Can You Predict a Penalty Through the facial expression?
01:10 You cannot not communicate
03:36 Fake it till you make it
05:58 How we did it
06:53 The Surprising Results & Why Ronaldo Spreads His Legs

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Athletic Interest is a video essay series that investigates business stories from the world of sports.

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📚 Sources
[1] Watzlawick, Paul (1969). Pragmatics of Human Communication. Huber, Bern.

[2] Darwin, C. (1872). The expression of emotions in man and animals. London: Murray.

[3] Shariff, A. F., & Tracy, J. L. (2011). What are emotion expressions for?
Current Directions in Psychological Science, 20, 395-399.

[4] Ekman, P. (1992). An argument for basic emotions. Cognition and Emotion, 6, 169–200.

[5] Ekman, P. (2011). I know you're lying: What faces reveal. Rowohlt, Reinbek bei Hamburg.

[6] Bond, C. F. & Uysal, A. (2007). On lie detection "wizards". Law and human
behaviour, 31.

[7] Todorov, A., Mandisodza, A. N., Goren, A., & Hall, C. C. (2005). Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes. Science, 308, 1623-1626.

[8] Carney, D., Cuddy, A., & Yap, A. (2010). Power Posing: Brief Nonverbal Displays Affect Neuroendocrine Levels and Risk Tolerance. Psychological Science, 21, 1363- 1368.
Also watch this Ted Talk: https://youtu.be/Ks-_Mh1QhMc

[9] Greenlees, I.A., Bradley, A., Thelwell, R.C., & Holder, T.P. (2005a). The impact of two forms of opponents' non-verbal communication on impression formation and outcome expectations. Psychology of Sport and Exercise, 6, 103-115.

[10] Furley, P. & Schweizer, G. (2013). The expression of victory and loss:
Estimating who's leading or trailing from nonverbal cues in sports. Journal of Nonverbal Behavior, 38, 13-29.
Furley is one of the leading scientists regarding penalty research, so make sure to check out his work if you’re interested in the topic.

#worldcup #football #messi #ronaldo #penalty