Brain computer interfaces are a fascinating emerging industry, with several startups like Neuralink, Synchron and Blackrock Neurotech racing to optimize their tech and be the first to get it approved for clinical use.

In this vid, I discuss the science of BCI, the three different approaches to implanting the chips in the brain and the future of this technology.

Chapters
00 Intro
00:34 Science behind BCI
01:51 BCI evolved from EEG
02:53 Invasive BCI: Utah Array
04:49 Synchron
06:46 Bandwidth and Neuralink
08:06 Skepticism and Fears
09:14 Reality Check

Sources:

Books and articles:

Brain–Computer Interfaces Handbook: Technological and Theoretical Advances. Edited By Chang S. Nam, Anton Nijholt, Fabien Lotte

The Beautiful Brain: The Drawings of Santiago Ramon y Cajal by Larry W. Swanson

Nature, The Ethics of Brain Computer Interface: https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02214-2

Explant Analysis of Utah Electrode Arrays Implanted in Human Cortex for Brain-Computer-Interfaces by Woeppel et.al. https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fbioe.2021.759711/full

Wired, The Gruesome Story of How Neuralink's Monkeys Actually Died: https://www.wired.com/story/elon-musk-pcrm-neuralink-monkey-deaths/

PubMed, Synchron receives FDA approval to begin early feasibility study of their endovascular, brain-computer interface devicehttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34414575/

BCI companies:

synchron.com
blackrockneurotech.com
neuralink.com
kernel.com

Youtube:

Blackrock Neuroteck, "A mind controlled masterpiece: James Johnson creates art in Photoshop with BCI": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eW0jn7jAe1w&t=104s

The Economist, "Are brain implants the future of computing?": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BYxzrFyES6I&pp=ygUSYmNpIHRpbWVzIG1hZ2F6aW5l

The BCI Guys, "Brain Implants are Here: Blackrock's Neuroport & Synchron's Stentrode": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=L4kDDrX-HpQ&t=4s

The Tesla Space, "The Truth About Neuralink and Brain Implants!": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EgsqCkT0tvo&t=751s&pp=ygUPdGhlIHRlc2xhIHNwYWNl

USC Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute: @iniusc

DW, "Brain-Computer Interface: With These Devices You Can Control Machines with Your Mind | BCI explained": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=6QcY7v9Kio4&t=273s&pp=ygUGZHcgYmNp

Nature videos,"Nerve repair: Regeneration in spinal-cord injury": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SmBvVx_rdFw

UWGB Psychology, "Electroencephalogram (EEG) Demonstration":https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-5djHvFo7IQ

Interesting Engineering,"Neuralink Will Begin Human Trials - What’s Next?": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9aDm2bIcCZM&t=50s

St. Joseph's Health Center Toronto, "What is a pacemaker": https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WgKCUjPcDY0