Operation Gladio | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Gladio 00:01:06 1 History and general stay-behind structure 00:01:18 1.1 British experience during World War II 00:03:23 1.2 Post-war creation 00:12:01 2 Operations in NATO countries 00:12:12 2.1 First publicly revealed in Italy 00:13:12 2.1.1 Giulio Andreotti's revelations on 24 October 1990 00:15:22 2.1.2 General Serravalle's statement 00:17:44 2.2 Belgium 00:19:27 2.3 Denmark 00:21:17 2.4 France 00:23:47 2.5 Germany 00:27:34 2.6 Greece 00:32:08 2.7 Netherlands 00:35:09 2.8 Norway 00:36:33 2.9 Portugal 00:37:10 2.10 Turkey 00:37:40 3 Parallel stay-behind operations in non-NATO countries 00:37:53 3.1 Austria 00:41:05 3.2 Finland 00:42:51 3.3 Spain 00:46:15 3.4 Sweden 00:46:54 3.5 Switzerland 00:52:27 4 Daniele Ganser and the "strategy of tension" 00:58:02 5 US State Department's 2006 response 00:59:38 6 Films 01:00:43 7 Gladio in fiction 01:02:34 8 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.8552491899019206 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-F "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Operation Gladio is the codename for clandestine "stay-behind" operations of armed resistance that was planned by the Western Union (WU), and subsequently by NATO, for a potential Warsaw Pact invasion and conquest in Europe. Although Gladio specifically refers to the Italian branch of the NATO stay-behind organizations, "Operation Gladio" is used as an informal name for all of them. Stay-behind operations were prepared in many NATO member countries, and some neutral countries.The role of the CIA in Gladio and the extent of its activities during the Cold War era, and any relationship to terrorist attacks perpetrated in Italy during the "Years of Lead" (late 1960s to early 1980s) are the subject of debate. Switzerland and Belgium have had parliamentary inquiries into the matter.The word gladio is the Italian form of gladius, a type of Roman shortsword. |