Nondualism | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nondualism 00:02:37 1 Etymology 00:05:24 2 Definitions 00:09:24 3 Hinduism 00:11:24 3.1 Vedanta 00:11:51 3.1.1 Advaita Vedanta 00:14:48 3.1.1.1 Advaita Vedanta – Three levels of reality 00:16:28 3.1.1.2 Similarities and differences with Buddhism 00:20:27 3.1.2 Vishishtadvaita Vedanta 00:21:49 3.1.3 Neo-Vedanta 00:25:16 3.2 Kashmir Shaivism 00:27:28 3.3 Contemporary vernacular Advaita 00:28:05 3.3.1 Ramana Maharshi 00:29:04 3.3.2 Neo-Advaita 00:29:58 3.3.3 Natha Sampradaya and Inchegeri Sampradaya 00:30:30 4 Buddhism 00:32:14 4.1 Indian Buddhism 00:32:23 4.1.1 Madhyamaka – nonduality of conventional and ultimate truth 00:37:07 4.1.2 Yogacara 00:43:34 4.1.3 Buddha-nature 00:45:35 4.1.4 Tantric Buddhism 00:47:06 4.2 East-Asian Buddhism 00:47:16 4.2.1 Chinese Buddhism – nonduality of mundane and highest reality 00:49:50 4.2.2 Hua-yen Buddhism 00:50:50 4.2.3 Zen Buddhism 00:53:42 4.2.4 Essence-function in Korean Buddhism 00:54:44 4.3 Tibetan Buddhism 00:54:53 4.3.1 Adyava: Gelugpa school Prasangika Madhyamaka 00:55:27 4.3.2 Buddha-nature and the nature of mind 00:55:37 4.3.2.1 Shentong 00:57:44 4.3.2.2 Dzogchen 01:00:02 5 Other eastern religions 01:00:22 5.1 Sikhism 01:01:06 5.2 Taoism 01:01:40 6 Western traditions 01:03:18 6.1 Roman world 01:03:27 6.1.1 Gnosticism 01:03:55 6.1.2 Neoplatonism 01:04:53 6.2 Medieval Abrahamic religions 01:05:03 6.2.1 Christian contemplation and mysticism 01:07:56 6.2.2 Jewish Hasidism and Kabbalism 01:09:11 6.2.3 Neoplatonism in Islam 01:09:20 6.3 Western esotericism 01:10:29 6.3.1 Perennial philosophy 01:11:33 6.3.2 Orientalism 01:12:21 6.3.3 Transcendentalism and Unitarian Universalism 01:14:18 6.3.4 Neo-Vedanta 01:17:31 6.3.5 Theosophical Society 01:18:25 6.3.6 New Age 01:19:42 7 Scholarly debates 01:19:52 7.1 Nondual consciousness and mystical experience 01:20:39 7.1.1 Development 01:22:52 7.1.2 Criticism 01:23:52 7.2 Nondual consciousness as common essence 01:24:03 7.2.1 Common essence 01:26:15 7.2.2 Criticism 01:28:51 8 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.8077758459016419 Voice name: en-US-Wavenet-D "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= In spirituality, nondualism, also called non-duality, means "not two" or "one undivided without a second". Nondualism primarily refers to a mature state of consciousness, in which the dichotomy of I-other is "transcended", and awareness is described as "centerless" and "without dichotomies". Although this state of consciousness may seem to appear spontaneous, it usually follows prolonged preparation through ascetic or meditative/contemplative practice, which may include ethical injunctions. While the term "nondualism" is derived from Advaita Vedanta, descriptions of nondual consciousness can be found within Hinduism (Turiya, sahaja), Buddhism (Buddha-nature, rigpa, shentong), and western Christian and neo-Platonic traditions (henosis, mystical union). The Asian idea of nondualism developed in the Vedic and post-Vedic Hindu philosophies, as well as in the Buddhist traditions. The oldest traces of nondualism in Indian thought are found as Advaita in the earlier Hindu Upanishads such as Brihadaranyaka Upanishad, as well as other pre-Buddhist Upanishads such as the Chandogya Upanishad, which emphasizes the unity of individual soul called Atman and the Supreme called Brahman. In Hinduism, nondualism has more commonly become associated with the Advaita Vedanta tradition of Adi Shankara.The Buddhist tradition added the teachings of śūnyatā; the two truths doctrine, the nonduality of the absolute and the relative truth, and the Yogachara notion of "mind/thought only" (citta-matra) or "representation-only" (vijñaptimātra). Vijñapti-mātra and the two truths doctrine, coupled with the concept of Buddha-nature, have also been influential concepts in the subsequent development of Mahayana Buddhism, not only in India, but also in C ... |