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Hypothyroidism and Weight Gain
Hypothyroidism is strongly associated with weight gain.1 In fact, weight gain is one of the most common symptoms of hypothyroidism—and is what ultimately leads many people to the diagnosis of thyroid disease.

Managing your weight can be a challenge with an underactive thyroid, which may be caused by Hashimoto's thyroiditis, medication side effects, a goiter, thyroid cancer, removal of the thyroid gland, treatment of hyperthyroidism, iodine deficiency.

The Thyroid/Weight Gain Connection
Hypothyroidism has long been associated with weight gain (and hyperthyroidism with weight loss), but the exact biochemical cause of this link is not completely clear. That said, there are several mechanisms that may explain the connection in cases of low thyroid function.

The two most active thyroid hormones, thyroxine (T4) and triiodothyronine (T3) circulate in the body, and they affect your metabolism through their interaction with your:
Fat cells
Muscle
Liver
Pancreas
Hypothalamus
Thyroid hormones normally help the body break down fat, and they help the liver and pancreas function to metabolize stored calories to be used for energy. These hormones also help the muscles throughout the body as they use energy. And when there is an adequate amount of thyroid hormones circulating in the body, the hypothalamus, which is a regulator of thyroid hormone in the brain, decreases the amount of thyrotropin regulating hormone (TRH) secretion.

All of these actions can be disrupted when you have decreased thyroid hormones or diminished thyroid function. Along with symptoms of low energy, the body also holds on to calories, storing them as fat, which is especially difficult to burn off and metabolize.

Losing Weight With Hypothyroidism
If you have hypothyroidism, losing weight can be very challenging. Many people think that once you start taking thyroid hormone replacement medications, the weight just falls off. While treatment can help you lose some of the weight you have gained, it takes planning, hard work, diet, exercise, and getting enough sleep to shed a number of pounds.

Determining how far off you are from your ideal weight and body fat can help you assess how much weight you need to lose. A body mass index (BMI) calculator can help you get started.

Another step to weight loss is determining your own basal metabolic rate (BMR), which can help you gauge your metabolism and guide you in coming up with a target calorie intake per day.

Diet
An optimal diet minimizes simple carbohydrates and sugars and focuses on lean proteins and vegetables. A meal plan for hypothyroidism can keep you on track in terms of calorie goals.

1500-Calorie Meal Plan for People With Thyroid Disease
You also need to be careful to avoid goitrogenic foods, which can disrupt your thyroid function.If you are struggling to lose weight, consider working with a nutritionist to find a dietary plan that works best for you.

Exercise
Exercise can also help you lose weight. Current guidelines from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommend that adults get 150 minutes of moderate exercise and two sessions of muscle-building each week.

However, people with hypothyroidism may need to go beyond these recommendations to lose weight.

Sleep
Sleep deprivation is strongly linked to weight gain, and that association is clear whether you have thyroid disease or not. Getting enough restorative sleep on a regular basis can help prevent weight gain and help you keep weight off.

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