Jain | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
Jain 00:02:13 1 Main principles 00:02:23 1.1 Non-violence (iahimsa/i) 00:05:03 1.2 Many-sided reality (ianekāntavāda/i) 00:08:56 1.3 Non-attachment (iaparigraha/i) 00:10:43 1.4 Jain ethics and five vows 00:12:46 2 Practices 00:12:55 2.1 Asceticism 00:14:30 2.2 Food and fasting 00:16:29 2.3 Meditation 00:18:17 2.4 Rituals and worship 00:22:04 2.5 Festivals 00:25:11 2.6 Monasticism 00:28:00 2.7 Supplementary vows and iSallekhana/i 00:28:41 3 Traditions and sects 00:28:51 3.1 Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras 00:32:22 3.2 Other sub-traditions 00:33:26 3.3 Gender and spiritual liberation 00:34:14 4 Beliefs and philosophy 00:34:23 4.1 iDravya/i ("Substance") 00:35:30 4.1.1 iJīva/i ("Soul"), iAjīva/i ("Non-Soul") 00:38:07 4.2 iTattva/i ("Reality") 00:39:25 4.3 Soul and Karma 00:42:38 4.4 Saṃsāra 00:44:38 4.5 Cosmology 00:48:35 4.6 God 00:49:58 4.7 Epistemology 00:51:02 4.8 Salvation, liberation 00:52:00 5 Scriptures and texts 00:55:56 5.1 Influence on Indian literature 00:58:10 6 Comparison with Buddhism and Hinduism 01:01:52 7 Art and architecture 01:04:13 7.1 Temples 01:07:46 7.2 Pilgrimages 01:09:03 7.3 Statues and sculptures 01:10:58 7.4 Symbols 01:11:13 7.4.1 Swastika 01:12:04 7.4.2 Symbol of iAhiṃsā/i 01:12:30 7.4.3 iOm/i 01:13:08 7.4.4 Jain emblem 01:14:09 7.4.5 Jain flag 01:15:12 7.4.6 iAshtamangala/i 01:15:49 8 History 01:15:57 8.1 Origins 01:17:43 8.2 Political history 01:20:31 8.3 Interaction with other religions 01:24:11 8.4 Colonial era 01:25:56 9 Jains in the modern era 01:29:49 10 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Jainism (), traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion. Followers of Jainism are called "Jains", a word derived from the Sanskrit word jina (victor) and connoting the path of victory in crossing over life's stream of rebirths through an ethical and spiritual life Jains trace their history through a succession of twenty-four victorious saviours and teachers known as tirthankaras, with the first being Rishabhanatha, who according to Jain tradition lived millions of years ago, and twenty-fourth being the Mahāvīra around 500 BCE. Jains believe that Jainism is an eternal dharma with the tirthankaras guiding every cycle of the Jain cosmology. The main religious premises of Jainism are ahiṃsā ("non-violence"), anekāntavāda ("many-sidedness"), aparigraha ("non-attachment") and asceticism. Devout Jains take five main vows: ahiṃsā ("non-violence"), satya ("truth"), asteya ("not stealing"), brahmacharya ("celibacy or chastity"), and aparigraha ("non-attachment"). These principles have impacted Jain culture in many ways, such as leading to a predominantly vegetarian lifestyle that avoids harm to animals and their life cycles. Parasparopagraho Jīvānām ("the function of souls is to help one another") is the motto of Jainism. Ṇamōkāra mantra is the most common and basic prayer in Jainism.Jainism has two major ancient sub-traditions, Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras; and several smaller sub-traditions that emerged in the 2nd millennium CE. The Digambaras and Śvētāmbaras have different views on ascetic practices, gender and which Jain texts can be considered canonical. Jain mendicants are found in all Jain sub-traditions, with laypersons (śrāvakas) supporting the mendicants' spiritual pursuits with resources. Jainism has between four and five million followers, with most Jains residing in India. Outside India, some of the largest Jain communities are present in Canada, Europe, Kenya, the United Kingdom, Hong Kong, Suriname, Fiji, and the United States. Major Jain festivals include Paryushana and Daslakshana, Mahavir Jayanti, and Diwali. |