This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_catastrophic_risk


00:01:28 1 Classifications
00:01:37 1.1 Global catastrophic vs. existential
00:03:22 2 Likelihood
00:07:10 3 Moral importance of existential risk
00:09:45 4 Potential sources of risk
00:10:13 4.1 Anthropogenic
00:10:43 4.1.1 Artificial intelligence
00:13:26 4.1.2 Biotechnology
00:16:06 4.1.3 Cyberattack
00:16:30 4.1.4 Environmental disaster
00:17:58 4.1.5 Experimental technology accident
00:19:02 4.1.6 Global warming
00:20:05 4.1.7 Mineral resource exhaustion
00:21:37 4.1.8 Nanotechnology
00:25:20 4.1.9 Warfare and mass destruction
00:27:22 4.1.10 World population and agricultural crisis
00:29:28 4.2 Non-anthropogenic
00:29:36 4.2.1 Asteroid impact
00:31:44 4.2.2 Cosmic threats
00:34:32 4.2.3 Extraterrestrial invasion
00:35:53 4.2.4 Global pandemic
00:38:25 4.2.5 Natural climate change
00:39:59 4.2.6 Volcanism
00:43:50 5 Proposed mitigation
00:45:39 5.1 Global catastrophic risks and global governance
00:46:18 5.2 Climate emergency plans
00:46:40 6 Organizations
00:51:22 7 See also
00:51:30 8 Notes
00:51:39 9 Further reading
00:54:14 10 External links



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SUMMARY
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A global catastrophic risk is a hypothetical future event which could damage human well-being on a global scale, even crippling or destroying modern civilization. An event that could cause human extinction or permanently and drastically curtail humanity's potential is known as an existential risk.Potential global catastrophic risks include anthropogenic risks, caused by humans (technology, governance, climate change), and non-anthropogenic or external risks. Examples of technology risks are hostile artificial intelligence and destructive biotechnology or nanotechnology. Insufficient or malign global governance creates risks in the social and political domain, such as a global war, including nuclear holocaust, bioterrorism using genetically modified organisms, cyberterrorism destroying critical infrastructure like the electrical grid; or the failure to manage a natural pandemic. Problems and risks in the domain of earth system governance include global warming, environmental degradation, including extinction of species, famine as a result of non-equitable resource distribution, human overpopulation, crop failures and non-sustainable agriculture.
Examples of non-anthropogenic risks are an asteroid impact event, a supervolcanic eruption, a lethal gamma-ray burst, a geomagnetic storm destroying electronic equipment, natural long-term climate change, hostile extraterrestrial life, or the predictable Sun transforming into a red giant star engulfing the Earth.