The Statue of Liberty (Liberty Enlightening the World; French: La Liberté éclairant le monde) is a colossal neoclassical sculpture on Liberty Island in New York Harbor within New York City, in the United States. The copper statue, a gift from the people of France to the people of the United States, was designed by French sculptor Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi and its metal framework was built by Gustave Eiffel. The statue was dedicated on October 28, 1886.

Statue of Liberty
Liberty Enlightening the World
Lady Liberty under a blue sky (cropped).jpg
Location
Liberty Island
Manhattan, New York City,
New York,[1] U.S.
Coordinates
40°41′21″N 74°2′40″W
Height
Height of copper statue (to torch): 151 feet 1 inch (46 meters)
From ground level to torch: 305 feet 1 inch (93 meters)
Dedicated
October 28, 1886
Restored
1938, 1984–1986, 2011–2012
Sculptor
Frédéric Auguste Bartholdi
Visitors
3.2 million (in 2009)[2]
Governing body
U.S. National Park Service
Website
Statue of Liberty National Monument
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Type
Cultural
Criteria
i, vi
Designated
1984 (8th session)
Reference no.
307
State Party
United States
Region
Europe and North America
U.S. National Monument
Designated
October 15, 1924
Designated by
President Calvin Coolidge[3]
U.S. National Register of Historic Places
Official name
The Statue of Liberty Enlightening the World[4][5]
Designated
September 14, 2017
Reference no.
100000829
New Jersey Register of Historic Places
Official name
Statue of Liberty National Monument, Ellis Island and Liberty Island
Designated
May 27, 1971
Reference no.
1535[6]
New York City Landmark
Type
Individual
Designated
September 14, 1976[7]
Reference no.
0931
Statue of Liberty is located in New York CityStatue of Liberty
Location within New York City
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The statue is a figure of Libertas, a robed Roman liberty goddess. She holds a torch above her head with her right hand, and in her left hand carries a tabula ansata inscribed JULY IV MDCCLXXVI (July 4, 1776 in Roman numerals), the date of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. A broken shackle and chain lie at her feet as she walks forward, commemorating the recent national abolition of slavery.[8] After its dedication, the statue became an icon of freedom and of the United States, seen as a symbol of welcome to immigrants arriving by sea.

Bartholdi was inspired by a French law professor and politician, Édouard René de Laboulaye, who is said to have commented in 1865 that any monument raised to U.S. independence would properly be a joint project of the French and U.S. peoples. The Franco-Prussian War delayed progress until 1875, when Laboulaye proposed that the French finance the statue and the U.S. provide the site and build the pedestal. Bartholdi completed the head and the torch-bearing arm before the statue was fully designed, and these pieces were exhibited for publicity at international expositions.

The torch-bearing arm was displayed at the Centennial Exposition in Philadelphia in 1876, and in Madison Square Park in Manhattan from 1876 to 1882. Fundraising proved difficult, especially for the Americans, and by 1885 work on the pedestal was threatened by lack of funds. Publisher Joseph Pulitzer, of the New York World, started a drive for donations to finish the project and attracted more than 120,000 contributors, most of whom gave less than a dollar. The statue was built in France, shipped overseas in crates, and assembled on the completed pedestal on what was then called Bedloe's Island. The statue's completion was marked by New York's first ticker-tape parade and a dedication ceremony presided over by President Grover Cleveland.

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