United States Constitution | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
United States Constitution 00:02:22 1 Background 00:02:31 1.1 First government 00:03:51 1.2 Articles of Confederation 00:08:54 2 History 00:09:03 2.1 1787 drafting 00:14:32 2.2 1788 ratification 00:17:52 3 Influences 00:21:35 4 Original frame 00:22:11 4.1 Preamble 00:23:14 4.2 Article One 00:25:51 4.3 Article Two 00:27:36 4.4 Article Three 00:32:24 4.5 Article Four 00:33:52 4.6 Article Five 00:37:38 4.7 Article Six 00:38:37 4.8 Article Seven 00:39:37 4.9 Closing endorsement 00:42:00 5 Ratified amendments 00:43:50 5.1 Safeguards of liberty (Amendments 1, 2, and 3) 00:46:02 5.2 Safeguards of justice (Amendments 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8) 00:49:34 5.3 Unenumerated rights and reserved powers (Amendments 9 and 10) 00:51:28 5.4 Governmental authority (Amendments 11, 16, 18, and 21) 00:53:58 5.5 Safeguards of civil rights (Amendments 13, 14, 15, 19, 23, 24, and 26) 00:57:30 5.6 Government processes and procedures (Amendments 12, 17, 20, 22, 25, and 27) 01:01:07 6 Unratified amendments 01:02:03 6.1 Still pending 01:05:57 6.2 No longer pending 01:07:47 7 Judicial review 01:09:24 7.1 Scope and theory 01:13:01 7.2 Establishment 01:15:43 7.2.1 Self-restraint 01:17:22 7.2.2 Separation of powers 01:20:30 7.3 Subsequent Courts 01:25:12 8 Civic religion 01:26:35 9 Worldwide influence 01:27:37 10 Criticisms 01:28:36 11 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. You can find other Wikipedia audio articles too at: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCuKfABj2eGyjH3ntPxp4YeQ You can upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts "The only true wisdom is in knowing you know nothing." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States. The Constitution, originally comprising seven articles, delineates the national frame of government. Its first three articles embody the doctrine of the separation of powers, whereby the federal government is divided into three branches: the legislative, consisting of the bicameral Congress; the executive, consisting of the President; and the judicial, consisting of the Supreme Court and other federal courts. Articles Four, Five and Six embody concepts of federalism, describing the rights and responsibilities of state governments, the states in relationship to the federal government, and the shared process of constitutional amendment. Article Seven establishes the procedure subsequently used by the thirteen States to ratify it. It is regarded as the oldest written and codified national constitution in force.Since the Constitution came into force in 1789, it has been amended 27 times, including an amendment to repeal a previous one, in order to meet the needs of a nation that has profoundly changed since the eighteenth century. In general, the first ten amendments, known collectively as the Bill of Rights, offer specific protections of individual liberty and justice and place restrictions on the powers of government. The majority of the seventeen later amendments expand individual civil rights protections. Others address issues related to federal authority or modify government processes and procedures. Amendments to the United States Constitution, unlike ones made to many constitutions worldwide, are appended to the document. All four pages of the original U.S. Constitution are written on parchment.According to the United States Senate: "The Constitution's first three words—We the People—affirm that the government of the United States exists to serve its citizens. For over two centuries the Constitution has remained in force because its framers wisely separated and balanced governmental powers to safeguard the interests of majority rule and minority rights, of liberty and equality, and of the federal and state governments."The first permanent constitution of its kind, adopted by the people's representatives for an expansive nation, it is interpreted, supplemented, and implemented by a large body of constitutional law, and has influenced the constitutions of other nations. |