One way military commanders look at a campaign is through the geographic lens of deep, close and rear operations. Deep: long range precision artillery and missile strikes, attacks by special forces or partisans and commando raids to destroy key infrastructure like airfields or radar stations.

Close: the intense and violent contact battle where most of the physical fighting happens. And, Rear: the training bases, logistic hubs and headquarters locations that must be kept safe from the enemy if you are to sustain operations for any length of time.

It has also been expanded in conceptual terms into the architecture needed for the battle in the mind, which is, after all, where wars are won and lost.

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