Sufism | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sufism 00:03:21 1 Definitions 00:04:52 2 Etymology 00:06:05 3 History 00:06:14 3.1 Origins 00:10:58 3.2 As an Islamic discipline 00:14:36 3.3 Formalization of doctrine 00:17:55 3.4 Growth of influence 00:20:08 3.5 Modern era 00:25:32 4 Aims and objectives 00:26:30 4.1 Teachings 00:29:28 4.2 Muhammad 00:32:10 4.2.1 Sufi beliefs about Muhammad 00:33:46 4.3 Sufism and Islamic law 00:35:40 4.4 Traditional Islamic thought and Sufism 00:37:38 4.5 iNeo-Sufism/i 00:39:10 5 Theoretical perspectives 00:40:53 5.1 Contributions to other domains of scholarship 00:42:49 6 Devotional practices of Sufis 00:45:52 6.1 Dhikr 00:47:44 6.2 Muraqaba 00:49:08 6.3 Sufi whirling 00:50:58 6.4 Music 00:51:49 7 Saints 00:53:59 7.1 Visitation 00:55:10 7.2 Miracles 00:56:06 8 Persecution 00:57:20 9 Prominent Sufis 00:57:29 9.1 Abdul-Qadir Gilani 00:58:50 9.2 Abul Hasan ash-Shadhili 00:59:47 9.3 Ahmad al-Tijani 01:00:21 9.4 Bayazid Bastami 01:00:48 9.5 Bawa Muhaiyaddeen 01:01:41 9.6 Ibn Arabi 01:02:48 9.7 Junayd of Baghdad 01:03:45 9.8 Mansur Al-Hallaj 01:04:38 9.9 Moinuddin Chishti 01:05:55 9.10 Rabi'a al-'Adawiyya 01:07:08 10 Shrines 01:07:54 11 Major Sufi orders 01:08:33 11.1 Bektashi 01:08:59 11.2 Chishti 01:09:42 11.3 Kubrawiya 01:10:20 11.4 Mawlawiyya 01:10:35 11.5 Muridiyya 01:10:53 11.6 Naqshbandi 01:11:59 11.7 Nimatullahi 01:12:36 11.8 Qadiri 01:13:22 11.9 Senussi 01:14:08 11.10 Shadiliyya 01:14:44 11.11 Suhrawardiyya 01:15:09 11.12 Tijaniyya 01:15:27 12 Symbols associated with the Sufi Orders 01:15:38 13 Reception 01:15:47 13.1 Perception outside Islam 01:19:05 13.2 Influence on Judaism 01:22:46 14 In popular culture 01:22:56 14.1 Music 01:23:15 14.2 Literature 01:24:01 15 Gallery 01:24:10 16 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.9101572283576734 Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-A "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= Sufism, or Taṣawwuf (Arabic: الْتَّصَوُّف; personal noun: صُوفِيّ ṣūfiyy / ṣūfī, مُتَصَوِّف mutaṣawwif), variously defined as "Islamic mysticism", "the inward dimension of Islam" or "the phenomenon of mysticism within Islam", is mysticism in Islam, "characterized ... [by particular] values, ritual practices, doctrines and institutions" which began very early in Islamic history and represents "the main manifestation and the most important and central crystallization of" mystical practice in Islam. Practitioners of Sufism have been referred to as "Sufis" (Arabic plurals: صُوفِيَّة ṣūfiyyah; صُوفِيُّون ṣūfiyyūn; مُتَصَوُّفََة mutaṣawwifah; مُتَصَوُّفُون mutaṣawwifūn).Historically, Sufis have often belonged to different ṭuruq, or "orders" – congregations formed around a grand master referred to as a wali who traces a direct chain of successive teachers back to the Islamic prophet, Muhammad. These orders meet for spiritual sessions (majalis) in meeting places known as zawiyas, khanqahs or tekke. They strive for ihsan (perfection of worship), as detailed in a hadith: "Ihsan is to worship Allah as if you see Him; if you can't see Him, surely He sees you." Sufis regard Muhammad as al-Insān al-Kāmil, the primary perfect man who exemplifies the morality of God, and see him as their leader and prime spiritual guide. All Sufi orders trace most of their original precepts from Muhammad through his cousin and son-in-law Ali, with the notable exception of one. Although the overwhelming majority of Sufis, both pre-modern and modern, were and are adherents of Sunni Islam, there also developed certain strands of Sufi practice within the ambit of Shia Islam during the late medieval period. Although Sufis were opposed to dry legalism, they strictly observed Islamic law and belonged to various schools of Islamic jurisprudence and theology.Sufis have been characterized by their asceticism, especially by their a ... |