Good and evil | Wikipedia audio article |
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This is an audio version of the Wikipedia Article:
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Good_and_evil 00:01:13 1 History and etymology 00:01:39 1.1 Ancient world 00:02:55 1.2 Classical world 00:03:50 1.3 Medieval period 00:04:48 1.4 Modern ideas 00:06:35 2 Theories of moral goodness 00:06:44 2.1 Chinese moral philosophy 00:07:25 2.2 Western philosophy 00:07:34 2.2.1 Pyrrhonism 00:07:53 2.2.2 Spinoza 00:09:17 2.2.3 Nietzsche 00:09:53 2.3 Psychology 00:10:02 2.3.1 Carl Jung 00:10:27 2.3.2 Philip Zimbardo 00:10:52 2.4 Religion 00:11:00 2.4.1 Abrahamic religions 00:11:08 2.4.1.1 Bahá'í Faith 00:12:16 2.4.1.2 Christianity 00:14:37 2.4.1.3 Islam 00:15:20 2.4.1.4 Judaism 00:16:11 2.4.2 Indian religions 00:16:19 2.4.2.1 Buddhism 00:17:28 2.4.2.2 Hinduism 00:18:09 2.4.2.3 Sikhism 00:19:41 2.4.3 Zoroastrianism 00:20:18 3 Descriptive, meta-ethical, and normative fields 00:21:56 4 Theories of the intrinsically good 00:22:32 4.1 Platonic idealism 00:24:24 4.2 Perfectionism 00:25:20 4.3 Welfarist theories 00:25:37 4.3.1 Subjective theories of well-being 00:29:45 4.3.2 Objective theories of well-being 00:31:52 4.3.3 Mid-range theories 00:32:26 5 Philosophical questions 00:32:36 5.1 Universality 00:35:31 5.2 Usefulness as a term 00:39:02 5.3 Necessary evil 00:40:56 6 Goodness and agency 00:41:05 6.1 Goodwill 00:43:20 6.2 Society, life and ecology 00:49:23 6.3 History and novelty 00:50:39 7 Goodness and morality in biology 00:51:05 8 See also Listening is a more natural way of learning, when compared to reading. Written language only began at around 3200 BC, but spoken language has existed long ago. Learning by listening is a great way to: - increases imagination and understanding - improves your listening skills - improves your own spoken accent - learn while on the move - reduce eye strain Now learn the vast amount of general knowledge available on Wikipedia through audio (audio article). You could even learn subconsciously by playing the audio while you are sleeping! If you are planning to listen a lot, you could try using a bone conduction headphone, or a standard speaker instead of an earphone. Listen on Google Assistant through Extra Audio: https://assistant.google.com/services/invoke/uid/0000001a130b3f91 Other Wikipedia audio articles at: https://www.youtube.com/results?search_query=wikipedia+tts Upload your own Wikipedia articles through: https://github.com/nodef/wikipedia-tts Speaking Rate: 0.9344185458458183 Voice name: en-AU-Wavenet-B "I cannot teach anybody anything, I can only make them think." - Socrates SUMMARY ======= In religion, ethics, philosophy, and psychology "good and evil" is a very common dichotomy. In cultures with Manichaean and Abrahamic religious influence, evil is usually perceived as the dualistic antagonistic opposite of good, in which good should prevail and evil should be defeated. In cultures with Buddhist spiritual influence, both good and evil are perceived as part of an antagonistic duality that itself must be overcome through achieving Śūnyatā meaning emptiness in the sense of recognition of good and evil being two opposing principles but not a reality, emptying the duality of them, and achieving a oneness.Evil, in a general context, is the absence or opposite of that which is described as being good. Often, evil is used to denote profound immorality. In certain religious contexts, evil has been described as a supernatural force. Definitions of evil vary, as does the analysis of its motives. However, elements that are commonly associated with evil involve unbalanced behavior involving expediency, selfishness, ignorance, or neglect.The modern philosophical questions regarding good and evil are subsumed into three major areas of study: meta-ethics concerning the nature of good and evil, normative ethics concerning how we ought to behave, and applied ethics concerning particular moral issues. |