This video presents a brief history of Russia, the largest country in the world.

Chapter
00:00 Introduction
00:25 Early History
01:15 From the Grand Duchy of Moscow to the Russian Empire (1283 - 1917)
02:31 The Rise and Fall of the Soviet Union (1922 - 1991)
04:50 Russian Federation (1991-present)

Russia's history is traced back to the people called “Slavs”.

In 862, the first East Slavic state, known as the Rus’ state, was founded and led by the Viking Oleg of Novgorod with Kiev as its capital.

In the 13th century, the Mongols invaded Kievan Rus and established the Golden Horde, with the Rus’ principalities as their vassals.

In 1480, Moscow gained its independence from Mongol rule, forming the Grand Duchy of Moscow or Muscovy. In 1547, Ivan IV, or Ivan the Terrible, became the first Tsar (Emperor) of Russia, transforming the Grand Duchy of Moscow into the Tsardom of Russia.

From 1551 to 1700, Russia was transformed into the Russian Empire in 1721 under the reign of Peter the Great. The next century witnessed the expansion of the empire, stretching over three continents, Europe, Asia, and North America.

The Russian Revolution in 1917 and the Rusian Civil War paved the way for the establishment of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), the Soviet Union.

Under the rule of Joseph Stalin, the country was transformed from a peasant society to a military and industrial power.

On September 1, 1939, World War II broke out between the Allied and Axis powers.

On May 8, 1945, after the fall of Berlin to Soviet troops and Hitler’s suicide, Germany surrendered unconditionally, marking the end of the war in Europe.

Following the war, the Soviet Union formed various Soviet satellite states and emerged as a superpower and rival to the United States in the nearly half-century-long Cold War.

In 1985, Mikhail Gorbachev became the Soviet leader and was later elected president in 1990. In December 1991, following a failed Communist Party coup against Gorbachev, the Soviet Union was dissolved and Gorbachev resigned.

Following the dissolution, all of the Soviet republics emerged as fully independent post-Soviet states. Among these, Russia, or the Russian Federation, became known as the Soviet Union's primary de facto internationally recognized successor state.

In 2014, following the Ukrainian Revolution, war broke out between Russia and Ukraine.

On February 24, 2022, Russia launched a full-scale invasion of Ukraine, escalating the ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War.

What do you think is the decisive factor leading to the Russo-Ukrainian War?
Tell us in the comment section below.
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