After Kublai's Khan's death, the Yuan dynasty would be ruled by his descendants. Starting the Mid-Yuan era, his grandson Temür Khan would take the reigns of the state, followed by his nephews Khayishan (Külüg Khan) and Ayurbarwada (Buyantu Khan). They would encounter interior and external conflicts, financial difficulties, corruption, and factional struggles.

If you would like to make a donation, here is my paypal : https://paypal.me/historyofchina
Many thanks !

= MUSIC =
Civilization VI - Mongolia Industrial Theme
Mongol Court Music of the Khans
Civilization VI - Mongolia Medieval Theme
Civilization VI - Khmer Ambient Kolon Kolkret
Civilization V - Genghis Khan war theme
Lost in the Forest
Total War Shogun 2 - Resolve
Civilization VI - Mongolia Ambient Tovshuur
Civilization VI - China Ambient Guzheng improv 2
Civilization V - Wu Zetian peace theme
Restless Natives
Total War Attila - Fiddler of the Plains
Civilization VI - China Ambient Rain
The Loyalist - Lotus Lane

= VIDEO CREDITS =
Marco Polo (2014)
再生緣 Eternal Happiness (2002)
Nichiren and the Great Mongol Invasion (1958)
Lost Worlds: City of the God Kings (2002)

= MAIN SOURCES =
The Cambridge History of China - Volume 6 (1994), Denis Twitchett & John King Fairbank
A Short History of the Mongols (2018) George Lane
A History of Early Modern Southeast Asia, 1400-1830 (2015), Barbara Watson Andaya & Leonard Y. Andaya
The Early Syam in Burma's History (1959), Gordon Hannington Luce
The Myth of the "Three Shan Brothers" and the Ava Period in Burmese History (1996) Michael Aung-Thwin
From Military Leaders to Administrative Experts: The Biography of the “Treacherous Minister” Temüder and his Ancestors (2017) Wonhee Cho


= TAGS =
Yuan dynasty documentary
rise of the Yuan dynasty
mid yuan era
mid-yuan dynasty
Temur Khan documentary
history of China
mongol conquest of China
Mongol conquest of the Song dynasty
mongol invasions of japan
Zhou Daguan

Introduction: (0:00)
Context: (00:41)
Temür's enthronement: (03:06)
Temür's early reign: (04:10)
War in Temür's reign: (06:57)
Internal problems: (12:11)
Succession crisis: (14:30)
The return to tradition: (17:40)
A smooth transition: (21:33)
Financial difficulties: (24:24)
Factional struggles: (27:05)
The Esen Buqa–Ayurbarwada war: (28:23)
Ayurbarwada's end: (29:42)