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Oral Tradition and Indian Literature
Ancient India had both writing and speech.
Mind, speech, and action from a single unified entity.
The author in a written tradition is necessarily absent while in the oral tradition he is present.
The poetry of Bhakti tradition belongs to the oral tradition.
The form of the poetic work depends upon the physical, creative stamina of the author.
Poetry of devotion addresses itself to God whose supreme presence it celebrates.
Prayer from the Rigveda
“Speech is firmly rooted in the mind and the mind is established in speech.”
The integrated personality has such power and authority that it is a fit instrument for expressing the truth.
Pampa
The works of Pampa, the first Kannada poet of the 10th Century have the characteristics of a written work.
Pampa says that he composed the historical narrative of the Mahabharata.
An inscription is a writing in its pure form.
Desperate attempt to alienate themselves from the world of the original epic disrupt the very language of the epic.
In a written text, the past and the present are the warp and woof of the poetic texture.
It is spatial and monumental which means it is bound by space and is meant to commemorate some present event.
The immediate purpose of Pampa’s epic was to commemorate the historical deeds of this patron-prince, Arikesari.
Writes short epitaphs to commemorate their historic death.
Vernacular languages of India were being raised to the status of writing.
‘Sahokti’ is the expression of two similar events that happen simultaneously.
Pampa describes a dancer called Neelanjane in the terms “She (Neelanjane) entered the stage and the minds of the spectators.”

Eluththu Athikaram - The Chapter on the Alphabets
Chapter on the alphabets of the Tamil language.
Contains nine subdivisions.
Tells about the following:
The thirty primary letters starting from ‘a’ to ‘n.’
The three dependent letters, the short u, the short ‘e.’
Three dotted letters ‘Aytham.’
Thirty primary letters contain 12 vowels and 18 consonants.
The twelve vowels in their turn contain 5 short vowels and 7 long vowels.
Three varieties among the consonants:
Hard consonants
Soft consonants
Medieval consonants
Combination of vowels and consonants is called vowel consonants, 12×18=216.
The sound of each letter is measured as one and the measurement is called (The winking of eyelids and snapping of fingers).
A word in Tamil is formed by letter or letters.
Single lettered words, double lettered words and multi lettered words are commonly found.

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